Fitxer:Flag of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party.svg

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العربية: علم الحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعي
English: Flag of Antun Saadeh's old Greater Syria nationalist party, the "Syrian Social Nationalist Party" (mainly based in Lebanon). Contains "hurricane" emblem (الزوبعة).
Français : Drapeau du Parti social nationaliste syrien


The red hurricane (zawba'a)
The SSNP emblem and flag features a curved swastika called the red hurricane (zawba'a), which was was modeled after the Nazi swastika.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Like the Nazi flag, it uses the three colors red, white, and black, comparable to similar fascist-inspired movements such as the Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging.
  1. ↑ Ya’ari, Ehud (June 1987). "Behind the Terror". Atlantic Monthly. "[The SSNP] greet their leaders with a Hitlerian salute; sing their Arabic anthem, "Greetings to You, Syria," to the strains of "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles"; and throng to the symbol of the red hurricane, a swastika in circular motion."
  2. ↑ Pipes, Daniel (1992) Greater Syria, Oxford University Press ISBN 0195060229 «The SSNP flag, which features a curved swastika called the red hurricane (zawba'a), points to the party's fascistic origins.»
  3. ↑ Rolland, John C. (2003) Lebanon, Nova Publishers ISBN 1590338715 «[The SSNP's] red hurricane symbol was modeled after the Nazi swastika.»
  4. ↑ Johnson, Michael (2001) All Honourable Men, I.B.Tauris ISBN 1860647154 «Saadeh, the party's 'leader for life', was an admirer of Adolf Hitler and influenced by Nazi and fascist ideology. This went beyond adopting a reversed swastika as the party's symbol and singing the party's anthem to Deutschland über alles, and included developing the cult of a leader, advocating totalitarian government, and glorifying an ancient pre-Christan past and the organic whole of the Syrian Volk or nation.»
  5. ↑ Becker, Jillian (1984) The PLO: The Rise and Fall of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Weidenfeld and Nicolson ISBN 0297785478 «[The SSNP] had been founded in 1932 as a youth movement, deliberately modeled on Hitler's Nazi Party. For its symbol it invented a curved swastika, called the Zawbah.»
  6. ↑ Yamak, Labib Zuwiyya (1966) The Syrian Social Nationalist Party: An Ideological Analysis, Harvard University Press
  7. ↑ Simon, Reeva S. (1996) Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East, Macmillan Reference USA ISBN 0028960114 «The Syrian Social Nationalist party (SSNP) was the brainchild of Antun Sa'ada, a Greek Orthodox Lebanese who was inspired by Nazi and fascist ideologies.»
  8. ↑ Nikki R. Keddie (2006) Princeton University Press , ed. Women in the Middle East: Past and Present (illustrated ed.), p. 97 ISBN: 0691128634. «The leading Nazi-influenced group was the Syrian National Party»
  9. ↑ Matthias Küntzel, Colin Meade (2007) Telos Press Publishing , ed. Jihad and Jew-hatred: Islamism, Nazism and the Roots of 9/11, p. 26 ISBN: 0914386360. «Back in 1932 Antun Saadeh had founded the Syrian People's Party which asserted the superiority of Syrians over other peoples and followed Nazi models even in its outward expressions, a swastika-like flag, the open-handed salute, etc.»
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This work was first published in Lebanon and is now in the public domain because its copyright protection has expired by virtue of the Law No. 75 of 1999 on the Protection of Literary and Artistic Property (details). However attribution of the author is still required. The work meets one of the following criteria:
  • It is an anonymous work or pseudonymous work and 50 years have passed since the date of its publication (or creation, whatever date is the latest)
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Data/horaMiniaturaDimensionsUsuari/aComentari
actual23:51, 19 oct 2023Miniatura per a la versió del 23:51, 19 oct 2023600 × 400 (3 Ko)NorthTensionReverted to version as of 05:57, 28 August 2011 (UTC) woopsie
23:50, 19 oct 2023Miniatura per a la versió del 23:50, 19 oct 2023599 × 599 (2 Ko)NorthTensioncolor
07:57, 28 ago 2011Miniatura per a la versió del 07:57, 28 ago 2011600 × 400 (3 Ko)Fry1989red
03:18, 28 feb 2010Miniatura per a la versió del 03:18, 28 feb 2010600 × 400 (2 Ko)IzzedineReverted to version as of 06:41, 12 May 2008
03:16, 28 feb 2010Miniatura per a la versió del 03:16, 28 feb 2010600 × 400 (30 Ko)Izzedinefix error
03:11, 28 feb 2010Miniatura per a la versió del 03:11, 28 feb 2010744 × 1.052 (30 Ko)Izzedinerefine
08:41, 12 maig 2008Miniatura per a la versió del 08:41, 12 maig 2008600 × 400 (2 Ko)Lexicon{{Information |Description={{en|Flag of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party}} |Source=Self-made |Date=2008-05-12 |Author=Lexicon, original GIF from Soman at [http://en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia] |Permission=PD-LEBANON.

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